Juglandaceae (Walnut Family)
7 Genera (2 on Campus)
60 species
I. Leaves
A. Deciduous
B. Alternate
C. Pinnately compound
D. Estipulate
E. More or less aromatic
II. Flowers
A. Monoecious
B. Axillary staminate aments
C. Terminal pistillate solitary/spikes
II. Fruit
A. Drupaceous Nut with indehiscent or dehiscent
husk
IV. Economic Importance
A. Lumber
1. Juglans -> Cabinet wood
2. Carya -> structural strength
B. Edible fruits
C. Fruit husks & bark -> yellow dyes &
tannins
V. Range
A. N.,C.,S America; West Indies;S. Europe;S.,SE
Asia
Generic comparison
I. Juglans (Walnut)
Latin Jovis glans = nut of Jupiter
A. Chambered Pith
B. Fruit husk indehiscent
II. Carya (Hickory)
Greek for Walnut
A. Homogeneous Pith
B. Fruit husk usually dehisces along 4 sutures
Species comparison
Juglans
I. J. nigra (Black Walnut)
A. 9-23 ovate-lanceolate toothed leaflets
B. Spherical, glabrous or finely pubescent fruit
C. Nut corrugations rounded, in groups of 1 or 2
D. Pale brown/buff pith
E. Dark brown/black, thin interlaced ridges
F. Wood: dark brown, medium luster &
texture, uneven figure
II. J. cinerea (Butternut, White Walnut)
A. 11-17 oblong-lanceolate toothed leaflets
B. Ellipsoid/ovoid pubescent fruit
C. Nut corrugations sharp, in groups of 2-5
D. Chocolate pith
E. Ashy gray, broad interlaced ridges
III. J. regia (English/Persian Walnut)
[royal]
A. 7-9 entire leaflets
B. Nut smooth, in groups 1-3
C. Silver gray bark
D. Typically grafted onto J. hindsii stock
E. Wood: White, medium luster & texture,
uneven figure
IV. J. alanthifolia (Japanese Walnut)
A. 11-17 toothed leaflets
B. Up to 20 ovoid Nuts on long raceme covered
with sticky hairs
Carya
Section Apocarya (Pecan hickories)
Bud scales valvate
I. C. illinoinensis (Pecan)
A. 9-17 serrate/doubly serrate falcate leaflets
B. Ellipsoidal, husk 4-winged from base to apex
C. Sweet seed
D. Wood: Reddish brown, low luster, course texture, uneven
figure
II. C. cordiformis (Bitternut hickory)
[heart-shaped]
A. Sulfer yellow, scurfy pubescent bud scales
B. Globose/ellipsoidal, husk 4-winged from middle to apex
C. Bitter seed
Section Carya (True hickories)
Wood: Light brown, low luster, course texture, uneven figure
I. C. ovata (Shagbark hickory)
[ovate-shaped]
A. Long thin vertical plates seperating from trunk at ends
B. 5 leaflets
II. C. laciniosa (Shellbark hickory)
[shaggy]
A. Long thin vertical plates seperating from trunk at ends
B. 7 leaflets