PLANT CELL CONTENTS
 
Abstract Contemplation
Transmission Electron Microscope Contemplation
Scanning Electron Microscope Contemplation
Light Microscope Contemplation:
Bright Field Phase Contrast Differential Interference Polarized Light Fluorescence
 
Confocal Laser Microscope Contemplation

V.  Nucleus

    1.  Double membrane (nuclear envelope) permeated with nuclear pores surrounding

        a.   Nucleoplasm
        b.  Chromatin (DNA + proteins)
        c.  Nucleoli (one or more regions of high concentration of RNA + protein)

    2.  Controls cell activity via Transcription (DNA ----> mRNA, ---->tRNA, ---->rRNA)
 

VI.  Ribosomes

    1.  Composed of rRNA + proteins

    2.  Found outside rough Endoplasmic Reticulum, free in Cytoplasm, in Nucleus, Chloroplasts, and Mitochondria

    3.  Essential to Translation (mRNA + tRNA ----> polypeptides)

VII.  Mitochondria

    1.  Double membrane bound structure with tubular or plate like projections in interior (Cristae) which contain enzymes for electron transport system (oxidative phosphorylation)

    2.  Matrix contains

        a.  Enzymes of Krebs cycle
        b.  Ribosomes
        c.  DNA

    3.  Self replicating via fissure of existing mitochondria

    4.  Essential to cellular respiration along with glycolysis that occurs in cytoplasm

VIII.  Plastids

    1.  Double membrane bound structures containing various pigments and storage products
 
NAME COLOR and CONTENTS FUNCTION
Chloroplast (Image) Green  Chlorophylls + Accessory Pigments Photosynthesis
Chromoplast Yellow, Orange, or Red  Carotenes Attraction of Pollinators
Amyloplast Unpigmented  Starch Storage
Elaioplast Unpigmented  Fats, Oils, Proteins Storage
 
    2.  Derived from Proplasts which are maternally inherited  (Animation)

        a.  Contain DNA + Ribosomes

VIII.  Ergastic Substances

    1.  Cell inclusions in cytoplasm and organelles that are products of metabolism
 
CATEGORY ORIGIN FUNCTION
Starch Synthesized in Chloroplasts, broken down, transported, resynthesized and stored in Amyloplasts Stored carbohydrate
Protein Can be amorphous and/or Cuboidal Crystals free in Cytoplasm or in Elaioplasts Stored protein especially in repoductive structures
Fats (Solid) and Oils (Liquid) Seed formation, specialized  tissues that secrete essential or volatile oils associated with reproductive organs Stored Fatty Acids, Attraction of Pollinators and Deseminators
Calcium Carbonate (Cystoliths) Extracellular ingrowths into lumens of cells called Lithocysts
Calcium Oxalate Crystals In vacuoles via self assembly
 
Classified according to shape
Prismatic
Druse
Raphides
Styloids
Sandy
 
Considered waste deposits