Artificial Group Floriferae Polypetalae  Subclass Rosidae

Aceraceae (Maple Family)
	[Latin = "sharp"]

	2 Genera (1 on campus)
	112 species

I. Leaves

	A. Opposite
	B. Simple
	C. Most estipulate
	D. Palmate lobing & venation or
		Pinnately compound

II. Flowers

	A. Regular
	B. Perfect or imperfect (dioecious)
	C. 4-12 stamens
	D. 2 lobed, 2 celled pistil with wings along back

III. Fruit

	A. Double samara


IV. Economic Importance

	A. Lumber differs in size & variation of rays
		hardness & strength

		1. Hard maples (Acer saccharum, A. nigrum)
			Furniture, veneers, musical instruments,
			bowling alleys, dance & gym floors, sporting goods
			railroad ties if pressure treated with fungicide

		2. Soft maples (A. rubrum, A. saccharinum)
			Millwork, shuttles, spools, bobbins

	B. Methanol distillation

	C. Maple sugar & syrup

	D. Ornamental

V. Range

	A. Throughout N. hemisphere, especially in E. Himalayans
 		& central China


Species comparison

Leaves with 5 lobes

I.  Acer platanoides (Norway Maple)
	[like Platanus]

	A. Glabrous
	B. Sinuses 1/3 length of leaf
	C. Long petiole with milky latex

II. A. saccharinum (Silver Maple)
	[Latin "sugary"]

	A. Silver/white underside
	B. Sinuses 2/3 length of leaf
	C. Silver gray bark when young, 
		long, thin, scaly plates unattached at ends
		when older

III. A. pseudoplatanus (Sycamore Maple)
	[Latin "false Platanus"]

	A. Glabrous, light green, glaucous
	B. Sinuses 1/2 length of leaf
	C. Broad, green buds



Leaves with 3 or 5 lobes

I. A. campestre (Hedge Maple)

	A. Pubescent
	B. Rounded lobes, teeth, sinuses
	C. Milky latex
	D. 5-10 cm wide

II. A. nigrum (Black Maple)
	[Latin = "Black"]

	A. Pubescent
	B. Dark green, drooping leaves
	C. Persistant stipules
	D. 10-15 cm wide

III. A. saccharum (Sugar Maple)
	[Latin = "sugary"]	

	A. Glabrous
	B. Green, non-drooping leaves
	C. Nonpersistant stipules
	D. 10-15 cm wide

IV. A. rubrum (Red Maple)
	[Latin = "red"]

	A. Somewhat glaucous
	B. Young leaves, bud scales, fruit red
	C. Sharp acute sinuses
	D. 5-10 cm wide



Leaves with 3 lobes

I. A. ginnala (Amur Maple)

	A. Lateral lobes at right angles to midrib
	B. Sinuses 1/2 length of leaf
	C. Red buds

Leaves with 5-9 lobes

I. A. palmatum (Japanese Maple)

	A. Sinuses >2/3 length of leaf
	B. Serrated margin
	C. Green/reddish

Leaves pinnately compound

I. A. griseum (Paperbark Maple)

	A. Trifoliate leaves
	B. Pubescent
	C. Papery bark

II. A. negundo (Box Elder)
	[Malayan name for tree with this leaf type]

	A. 3,5,7 leaflets
	B. Glabrous
	C. Green stem





Artificial Group Floriferae Polypetalae  Subclass Dilleniidae

Tiliaceae (Linden, Basswood Family)
	[Latin name, meaning "wing"]

	50 Genera (1 on campus)
	450 species

I. Leaves

	A. Alternate
	B. Simple
	C. Stipulate
	D. Serrate
	E. Inequilateral base

II. Flowers

	A. Perfect
	B. Regular
	C. 5-merous
	D. 1, 2- to 10-celled pistil

III. Fruits

	A. Capsule, drupe, berry, or nutlike
		Tilia has nutlike fruits associated with
		distinctive ovate bract



IV. Economic importance

	A. Wood
		1. Plywood - glues easily
		2. Boxes & crates for foodstuff
			doesn't smell
		3. Concealed parts of furniture
			doesn't warp, check
		4. Excelsior - shaves easily

	B. Soil improvement through high Ca, Mg, P, N, K
		content in leaves

	C. Nectar source for honey bees

	D. Ornamental

V. Range

	A. World wide, mostly in tropics


Species Comparison - if you're looking for a taxonomy project, 
	have I got the genus for you!

I. Tilia americana {T. glabra} (American basswood)

	A. 10-15 cm long broadly ovate leaves
	B. Axillary tufts of hair

II. T. tomentosa {T. argentea, T. alba,
				 T. americana var. heterophylla}
				(White, Silver Basswood, Beetree)

	A. 7.5-11.5 cm long orbicular leaves
	B. White/tan stellate tomentose underside of leaf



III.  T. cordata {T. ulmifolia, T. parvilolia, T. europea}
					[small flowered]
				(Small Leaved Linden)

	A. 3.7-7.25 cm long orbicular leaves
	B. Dark green above
	C. Dark blue/green below
	D. Glaucous & glabrous with axillary tufts of brown hair
	E. Fruit with fragile shell

IV. T. platyphyllos {T. grandifolia, T. europea}
	[broad leaved]
		(Large Leaved Lime)

	A.  7.5-10 cm long orbicular-ovate leaves
	B. Dull green above
	C. light green below
	D. lightly pubescent with axillary tufts
	E. Fruit with thick shell

IV.  T. europaea -> hybrid T. cordata X T. platyphyllos
			(European Linden)

	A. 5-10 cm long broadly ovate leaves
	B. Dark green above
	C. Bright green below
	D. Glabrous with axillary tufts of hair
	E. Fruit with thick shell

V.  T. euchlora -> hybrid T. dasystyla X probably T. cordata
			(Crimean Linden)

	A. 5-10 cm long broadly ovate leaves
	B. Shiny pale green above
	C. Pale green below
	D. Glabrous with axillary tufts of brown hair
	E. Fruit with thick shell